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abdominal fullness or bloating

overview

abdominal fullness or bloating occurs when excess gas builds up in the digestive tract.

common causes of gas and abdominal fullness or bloating include:

  • swallowed air. if swallowed air is not burped up, it passes through the digestive tract and is released through the anus as gas (flatus). excessive air swallowing may cause hiccups.
  • gas-producing foods and drinks, such as beans, broccoli, carbonated drinks, and beer. the amount of gas and the odour that different foods cause vary from person to person.
  • lactose intolerance. a person who can't easily digest lactose, a type of natural sugar found in milk and dairy products, can have both gas and bloating as well as other symptoms.
  • constipation. this can cause bloating but generally does not increase gas.
  • medicines or natural health products. both prescription and non-prescription medicines, as well as dietary supplements, can cause bloating and gas as side effects.
  • changing hormone levels. many people feel bloated right before their periods because their bodies retain fluid.
  • pregnancy.

occasionally, excess gas and bloating may be caused by a more serious medical problem, such as a bowel obstruction, liver problems, gallbladder disease, or cancer.

treatment depends on what is causing the problem. call your doctor for a checkup if you have abdominal fullness or bloating that has not gotten better or gone away with home treatment.

related information

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current as of: october 19, 2023

author: healthwise staff
clinical review board
all healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.

this information does not replace the advice of a doctor. healthwise, incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. your use of this information means that you agree to the terms of use. learn how we develop our content.

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