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cold exposure: what increases your risk of injury?

overview

cold injuries occur more in certain outdoor conditions, such as:

cold temperatures.
  • hypothermia can develop quickly with temperatures below freezing.
  • frostbite develops at freezing temperatures.
  • people who live in poorly heated homes can gradually develop hypothermia in temperatures of 15°c (60°f) to 18°c (65°f).
  • cold injuries, such as trench foot or chilblains, can develop gradually in moderate temperatures, especially when the skin is wet.
wet conditions (rain, being in water, sweat).
  • water on the skin causes you to feel cool and lose heat.
  • wet skin freezes more quickly than dry skin.
  • wet feet and hands can be damaged even at temperatures above freezing if they are constantly wet.
wind.
  • wind makes the outside temperature feel colder.
  • heat loss may increase in windy weather.
high altitudes.
  • at higher altitudes, the air is "thinner" so you need to breathe more air to get the same amount of oxygen. because the air is also drier, you may lose more body heat through the lungs by panting and being too active. lower oxygen levels can also change your normal good judgment, such as knowing when to wear adequate protective clothing.
  • at higher altitudes, you don't shiver as much. shivering makes the body warm.
  • at higher altitudes, cold temperatures and storms are often more intense. shelter may be harder to find, or it may not provide enough protection.

credits

current as of: july 10, 2023

author: healthwise staff
clinical review board
all healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals.

this information does not replace the advice of a doctor. healthwise, incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. your use of this information means that you agree to the terms of use. learn how we develop our content.

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