the connection is thought to be a combination of the lifestyle changes that occur as the disease progresses, as well as a direct consequence of changes in brain chemistry caused by parkinson’s. these changes include a decrease in available dopamine, as well as alterations to neural pathways that influence the patient’s mood.
research indicates these emotional symptoms can occur years before the physical symptoms of parkinson’s, further supporting the chemical link between these two conditions.
most cases of depression are considered “nonmajor,” and are generally more mild. however, even mild forms of depression can have a significant impact on how the parkinson’s progresses, leading to faster physical deterioration, greater cognitive impairment and increased mortality, according to a review published in
current neurology and neuroscience reports
. the combination can also lead to more stress on caregivers, increasing rates of burnout.
symptoms generally respond to a combination of therapy and antidepressant medications, but first doctors have to recognize the disease.
diagnosing depression can be difficult, as many of the symptoms overlap with that of parkinson’s. for example, decreased energy, poor concentration, changes in appetite and impaired memory are common in both diagnoses. parkinson’s can also impact a patient’s facial features, which can mask changes in emotion.
osbourne hopeful for the future
osbourne is confident about his future. he appeared at the closing ceremony for b
irmingham’s commonwealth games, performing iron man and paranoid with black sabbath guitarist tony iommi. osbourne also said he is driven to go back on tour, in support of his new album patient number 9, released earlier this year.