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adam zivo: 'almost as good as giving (drug users) cash' — report slams 'safer supply' of free opioids

analysis by u.s. drug policy expert suggests that rampant diversion of hydromorphone is all but inevitable

'almost as good as cash': report slams 'safer supply' of free opioids
a photo taken in vancouver's drug-infested downtown eastside on april 18, 2024. a report commissioned by b.c.'s provincial health officer that is critical of the provision of free 'safer supply' opioids has been downplayed by the government. nick procaylo / postmedia news

last autumn, b.c.’s top doctor, bonnie henry, commissioned a confidential report from american drug policy expert jonathan caulkins examining the “economics” of safer supply diversion. the document, which was completed in march, was apparently so secret that even premier david eby was unaware of it — when news of its existence leaked in april, he told reporters that he was blindsided.

although the media widely commented on caulkins’ report at that time, its exact contents remained a mystery — an object of speculation for addiction experts and west coast politicos. but then, in early july, a copy was quietly uploaded to the provincial government’s website, without fanfare.

how odd. why would henry, or the ruling b.c. ndp, dim the spotlight on such a report? perhaps because caulkins’ analysis suggests that rampant safer supply diversion is all but inevitable and, per his own words, constitutes a “financial windfall” that is “almost as good as giving (drug users) cash.”
“as long as (safer supply) gives valuable things away for free, or for far below market prices, one should expect there to also be ‘profiteers’ wishing to profit by obtaining supply for resale,” caulkins wrote in the report, which examined the potential impact of charging users for their safer supply opioids versus providing them for free, as is the current case.

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caulkins argued that “clever retail drug dealers” could sign up for “low-barrier” safer supply programs to obtain cheaper and higher quality drugs. alternatively, dealers could pay drug users to sign up for these programs for the purpose of diverting more supply to the black market.
caulkins expressed concerns about the impacts that cheap or free safer supply could have on national and international drug markets. he reasoned that if b.c. subsidizes opioids through safer supply, then “resourceful smugglers” would likely procure these drugs and resell them in other jurisdictions where they command a higher price.
he was particularly concerned about the distribution of “safe fentanyl” (something which is already done, to a certain degree, by the provincial government), as the drug is “valued all over canada and the u.s. and is compact and easy to smuggle so profiteers would welcome that.”

though caulkins’ approach was predominantly theoretical, many of his points have already been empirically validated by media reports — including several stories published in the national post .

safer supply programs predominantly distribute eight-milligram tablets of hydromorphone, an opioid as potent was heroin. caulkins argued that drug dealers might crush these tablets and mix them into illicit fentanyl to “extend” their supply and profits. two months after the completion of his report, the post published a story featuring a former teenage gang member describing what appeared to be this practice.

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in another example, caulkins cited a police contact in b.c. who confirmed to him that “everyday our officers observe people openly selling diverted safe supply medications,” and that organized crime groups are “cashing in” by buying safer supply and “shipping these medications to other provinces where there is no, or much more stringent, safe supply.”

while harm reduction activists often insist that reports of rampant safer supply diversion are “ disinformation ” or “lies,” they have recently pivoted toward claiming that there are simply too few safer supply patients for diversion to meaningfully impact the black market.

critics have argued that this is misleading, as safer supply recipients are given astronomic amounts of opioids compared with pain patients. however, as the b.c. government has not publicly disclosed how much safer supply hydromorphone it actually dispenses, this debate has remained unresolved — until now.

caulkins was tasked with determining whether safer supply diversion could impact black market prices, so the b.c. government gave him access to data pulled from pharmanet, the province’s prescription-monitoring system. it turns out that the province dispensed 88.8 million milligrams of safer supply hydromorphone during the 2022/2023 fiscal year — the equivalent to at least 11 million tablets.

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according to caulkins, the province’s safer supply programs dispense so many opioids that their total mme — “morphine milligram equivalents” is the standardized measure for opioid strength — is equal to 30 per cent of the total mme prescribed for pain-related purposes across the entirety of b.c.
let that sink in: safer supply programs have increased the total pharmaceutical opioid supply in the entire province by almost one-third. one shudders to think what these numbers might look like in other provinces that have yet to release their data.

around the same time that henry’s office published caulkins’ work, she released another report calling for the legalization of all drugs through “non-medical safer supply.” (its existence was, of course, highly publicized.) yet even though henry had commissioned caulkins to advise her on safer supply, almost none of his findings made it into her legalization report, although his analysis was included as an appendix. caulkin’s findings were summarized in a whitewashed paragraph in the body of the report that played down or omitted many of the grievous concerns he had flagged: the risks of organized crime, national and international smuggling, increased drug use and an expanded drug market, among other things.

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fortunately, the eby government rejected henry’s reckless recommendations.
national post
adam zivo is executive director of the centre for responsible drug policy.
editors note: this article has been updated to include the fact that the safer supply analysis prepared by american drug policy expert jonathan caulkins was included as an appendix to dr. bonnie henry’s july 9, 2024 report advocating the expansion of b.c.’s safer supply program. additionally, the opioids dispensed through the province’s safer supply program account for one-third of the total mme (morphine milligram equivalents) prescribed in b.c., not canada as originally stated.
adam zivo
adam zivo

adam zivo is a freelance writer and weekly columnist at national post. he is best known for his coverage of the war in ukraine, as well as for founding and directing loveisloveislove, a canadian lgbtq advocacy campaign. zivo’s work has appeared in the washington examiner, jerusalem post, ottawa citizen, the diplomat, xtra magazine, lgbtq nation, in magazine, quillette, and the daily hive, among other publications.

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