as researchers in bioethics, sociology and medical genetics, we are interested in the potential benefits and risks of this fascinating yet controversial new technology for individuals and society.
epigenetic clocks emerge from the field of epigenetics, which examines how chemical marks can regulate gene expression and help us understand how aging and disease processes work.
some epigenetic marks can change in response to a person’s environment or lifestyle. epigenetic tests may provide information about individuals that a genetic test alone can’t reveal — such as exposures to trauma, stress, diet or pollutants.
other epigenetic marks change in a constant fashion as a person develops, grows and ages. these marks have enabled the development of different age tests, known as epigenetic clocks. these tests are poised to be the first epigenetic tests ready for use.
however, the ethical, legal and social implications of their use are not well understood.
lessons from dna testing
like genetic tests, epigenetic tests may eventually be used in law enforcement and immigration settings, as well as in research and medical contexts. the lessons learned from dna testing highlight the need for caution and responsible implementation.