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opinion: what can we do about doctor burnout?

some healthcare professionals have learned to cope with pandemic stress, but at a personal cost.

opinion: doctors should not be ashamed to admit challenges
doctors shouldn't feel ashamed if they experience burnout. getty
when you see your physician or nurse, your focus is on the hope that you will be given good news by a friendly, empathetic and skilled practitioner. it is unusual to think of the mental and emotional health of the person who is supposed to be looking after you.

i knew i wanted to be a doctor when i was nine years old, and that remained my focus during my early education. the fictional dr. kildare was my early role model. medicine blended the scientific method with humanism and purpose. i was fortunate enough to get into medical school and later discovered that i was more suited to medical rather than surgical specialties. i chose cardiology as a growing field, with exciting new diagnostic and therapeutic advances that would greatly improve the care of my patients. i went to stanford to learn about the emerging field of echocardiography and brought new technology back to canada that would become the most important clinical tool for cardiac decision making.

most importantly, i learned the practice and the art of medicine from three very important mentors whose skills i hoped to one day emulate. from my patients, by example, i learned about the need for compassion and about the courage they needed to deal with serious illness. they often taught me more about coping with illness than i taught them.

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i have had a very successful international career, and still love my work. i am grateful for the opportunities given to me and the knowledge that i have helped to create to improve care. i have a wonderful relationship with my patients. so, why then, is medicine a lot less enjoyable to practice?
burnout of health care professionals was a serious problem before covid-19 and the pandemic has made it even worse. there is often a point where challenges can be tolerated, until as with a teeter-totter, a tipping point is reached and you are on the wrong side of your emotional health. addiction, depression and suicide are at an alarming level for physicians. what can we do about it?

barry rubin, the program medical director of the peter munk cardiac centre(pmcc), used a pmcc innovation committee grant to study burnout among health care workers at the university health network, where we both work. the study, published recently in the canadian medical association journal open , surveyed 127 physicians using a well-being index that measures fatigue, depression, burnout, anxiety, stress and mental and physical quality of life. it was not surprising that about 65 per cent reported burnout and emotional challenges in coping with their workload, perceptions of unfairness and lack of being valued. a survey of nurses found even worse results with 78 per cent reporting burnout — and it was 73 per cent for allied health care workers. the alarming thing was that the surveys were conducted before the pandemic, which has only made things much worse.

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covid-19 has played havoc with the lives of health care workers. longer hours with less pay; feelings of inadequacy in being unable to save more lives, or provide high quality virtual care, that, by its nature, is often less comprehensive than in-person care; coping with reduction in volumes for key diagnostic and surgical procedures; patient anxiety and frustration with delayed care that puts them at greater risk; wearing an uncomfortable mask all day that distances you physically and emotionally from your patients, burns your face and makes it hard to breathe; nurses describing the anguish of being the only person at the bedside of a patient dying without the comfort of their family; and the post-traumatic stress that comes from the feeling you are working in a war zone. most physicians have learned to cope, but at a personal cost.
top 10 reasons behind physician burnout

a recent medscape article listed the top 10 factors that were voiced as contributing to u.s. physician burnout. the top three included too many bureaucratic tasks, too much time at work and lack of respect from administrators, colleagues or staff.

burnout impacts not just the health care worker but also potentially the quality of their work. how can we improve the paradigm and help heal the healers? the first step is to recognize the seriousness of the problem, to confirm what drives it and to weigh — and then implement — options for improvement.

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everyone involved has a role to play. medical institutions are increasingly recognizing the seriousness of the problem. counselling is more readily available. there is less shame in admitting to having a problem.
hospitals need to reduce bureaucratic governance and make employees feel more respected and valued. they are not interchangeable widgets. there needs to be a focus on reducing time consuming clerical functions that drain energy and reduce face to face patient contact.

brené brown is a well known author, professor and lecturer. she spoke to oprah about her own challenges with burnout and how our defensive body armour may get in the way of understanding our feelings and accepting and dealing with our vulnerability. she said that beating burnout requires that “we must change not just our schedules, but our thinking. we must accept that what we produce and contribute is not our value-and get clear on what it is. the people who matter most to me don’t love me for what i do, or for what i’m doing for them; they love me for who i am.” she goes on to say that we have to dare to be honest, dare to set boundaries, and dare to find calming activities no matter how challenged we feel or resistant we may be to change.

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i was asked recently what career i might have chosen had i not become a physician. i surprised myself that despite the increased stress and burnout that i feel during this pandemic, i wouldn’t change anything. i am learning to accept more vulnerability and the strength that a wonderful family and close friends bring.
life is harder for everyone. let’s recognize it and work together to accept that healers should not be ashamed to admit their own challenges and patients should not be afraid of their doing so. carpe diem. we all need to find purpose, meaning and value in our lives. it will help us to better deal with the pandemic and cope with the stress of life’s challenges, now and those that are yet to come.
dr. harry rakowski is an academic cardiologist based in toronto.
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